Wood sawing machine



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Feb. 17, 1953 J. E. roMPKlNs woon sAwrNG MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledJuly 3l, 1948 llLllllI INVENTOR. J. EVERETTE ToMPKlNs ATTORNEY.Y

Feb. 17, 1953 J, E TOMPKlNs 2,628,643

n woon SAWING MACHINE Filed July 3l, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 9o I I 83-26- 95 FIGB ' IN VEN TOR. FIGA J. EvERl-:TTE ToMPKINs ATTORNEY Feb. 17,1953 J. E..'roMPKlNs 2,628,643

WOOD SAWING MACHINE Filed July 31, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR lEvlmrTEA T oMPmNs BY JM, mw'

ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 17, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,628,643Woon sAwrNG MACHINE Ohio Application July 31, 1948, Serial No. 41,835

11 Claims. 1

This invention relates to power operated machine tools of thewood-sawing class; and relates more particularly to motor driven woodsawing machines of the general type illustrated and described in theco-pending patent application of Carl F. Duerr, Jr., Serial Number641,980, led January 18, 1946, now Patent No. 2,590,093, issued March25, 1952.

Machines of this type comprise generally a work table, an arm supportedabove the table, a horizontal trackway supported by the arm, a carriagereciprocable on the trackway, and a motor driven circular saw suspendedfrom the carriage, and reciprocable therewith. 4

The support on the arm for the horizontal trackway is in the form of apivot bearing construction having a vertical pivot bearing axisintermediate of the ends of the trackway, upon which the trackway may bepivotally adjusted to different angular positions and locked in eachposition; and the bearing construction as a Whole may be adjustablyshifted horizontally along the arm to different positions and locked ineach position; and the carriage may be locked in different positionsalong the trackway.

By these means, the saw above the table may be adjustably positionedwith respect to the work supported on the table, and positioned andstabilized thereonby engagement with a fence in a well known manner; andthe saw may then be operated to make cross-cuts, miter cuts of differentangles, and rip cuts of different widths, in a manner now known in thisart, and as described in the aforesaid co-pending application.

In such machines also the saw is direct-connected to the motor; and thesuspension of the motor from the reciprocable carriage as mentionedcomprises a trunnion bearing construction having a horizontal bearingaxis upon which the motor-and-saw unit may be adjustably rocked todifferent angular positions and locked .in each position, by which meansthe saw may be set to make bevel cuts atdiiferent angles, in a wellknown manner. f

Machines of this type are applied to various classes of work in thedifferent arts and this has led to the development of diierent sizes ofmachine, predicated upon the diameter of the saw and the motorhorsepower to drive lt.

There is now a market demand for a machine vof smaller size andat alower price than has heretofore been possible, for use in industrialproduction of small parts, and in home workshops. The problem has thusarisen of providing a construction that will be smaller and cheaper tomanufacture, and in some respects simpler than, but without sacrificingany of the advantages and mode of operation of, the present largersizes.

It is thus the primary object of the present invention to provide thesolution to this problem.

It has been found that a considerable saving in cost can be made in theaforesaid pivot bearing construction and in the aforesaid trunnionbearing construction, when improved to adapt them particularly to amachine or small size; and accordingly, it is a further object of thepresent invention to provide such improved bearing constructions.

Other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which theinvention appertains.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following description taken inconnection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a" sawing machine embodying myinvention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken from the staggered plane 2-2 of Fig. 1,and drawn to4 larger scale;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken from the plane 3-3 of Fig. 1, and drawnto larger scale;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevational view taken in the direction of thearrow 4 of Fig. 1 and drawn to larger scale;

Fig. 5 (Sheet 2) is a fragmentary elevational view taken in thedirection of the arrow 5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view taken from the plane 6-6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating analternative embodiment of applicants trackway pivot.

As will be apparent from an inspection of Fig. l of the drawing, thesawing machine chosen to illustrate the invention hereof is a bench typemachine, having a downwardly open pan-like cast metal base I providedwith planar feet 2-2 for resting upon a work bench or like support.

Rising from the rear of the base is a hollow column 3 having a` stem 4tted therein for vertical adjusting movement.

Mechanism housed in the base I and column 3 is provided to raise andlower the stem 4 comprisingan elevating screw 5, gears 6-`|, ayrotaryshaft 8, and a handle engageable clutch 9 for rotating the shaft 8,these parts not constituting any essential part of the present inventionbeing shown only in dotted lines. For a more complete understanding oftheir construction and mode of operation, reference may be had to theaforesaid pending application in which a similar mechanism is describedin detail.

A horizontal work table I of wood is mounted on the base I upon whichwork may be laid, and is provided with a forward fence I I and rearwardfence I2 to position and stabilize the work.

At the top of the stem 4 is a horizontal cast metal arm I3 overhangingthe work table I0.

Beneath the arm I3 is a horizontal trackway I4 supported by the arm on apivot bearing construction, to be more fully described, the pivotbearing having a vertical pivot axis intermediate of the ends of thetrackway on which the trackway may be swung in horizontal planes todifferent angular positions. The construction comprises loclring meansoperable by a handle I5 for locking the trackway in any swungposition.

The trackway I4 has pairs of horizontal rails |6--I 6 on opposite sidesthereof and bearing balls I1 in a cage I8, for each pair or" rails,constitute part of an anti-friction bearing upon which a carriage I9 maybe reciprocated therealong substantially without friction.

The carriage I9 may be locked in any position along the trackway I4 byturning a handle 20.

The arm I3 has a pair of horizontal guideways 2| on its opposite sidesand the pivot bearing construction comprises a head 22 reciprocabletherealong to shift the position of the said vertical pivot axis; and itmay be locked to the arm in any position therealong by turning a handle23.

A pair of hangers 24 and 25 depend from the carriage I9 and a motor, ina housing 26 drivingly connected to a circular saw 21, is suspended onthe hangers 24-25 on trunnion bearings, generally at 28-29, having acommon horizontal bearing axis, upon which the motor housing may berocked to different angular positions; and it may be locked in anyposition at the trunnion bearing 28 by a handle 30. A handle 3| isprovided which may be used to rock the motor, but is primarily forpropelling or reciprocating the motor-saw unit 26-21 suspended from thereciprocable carriage I9.

Reference may now be had to Figs. 2, 4, and 6 for a more completeshowing of the parts of the pivot bearing construction; and to Figs. 3and 5 for a more detailed showing of the parts of the trunnion bearingconstruction; embodying the invention.

As shown in Fig. 2, the guideways 2|-2I on the arm I3 have downwardlyinwardly inclined planar faces 32-33 respectively and upper horizontalplanar faces 34--35.

The said head 22 has faces 36-31 coinciding with the inclined guidewayfaces 32--33; and plates 38-39 secured to the head by screws 40-40engage the horizontal guideway faces 3435.

The head 22 is thereby mounted for sliding movement on the guideways2I-2I of the arm I3 to adjust its position therealong as referred to.

At one side of the head 22 it has a cylindrical bore |05 extendingtherethrough, opening at the inclined surface 31 thereof. A cylindricalgib |06 is reciprocably tted in the inner end of the bore |05 and has aninclined face |01 abutting upon the face 33 of the adjacent guideway 2I. A stem |08 is threaded into the outer end of the bore |05 and on itsouter end has the aforesaid handle 23 thereon for turning it; and at itsinner end it abuts upon the gib |06 whereby it may forcibly engage thegib with the surface 33 to thereby lock the head 22 upon the guideway2|. If wanted, a spring |09 may be seated in confronting recessesrespectively in the gib |06 and stem |08 to maintain, at all times, aslight inward thrust on the gib |06 to keep it in contact with theguideway face 33 and thereby prevent it from rotating in the bore |05.

The trackway I4 has a pair of transverse posts 43-44 (see also Fig. 1)rising therefrom; and a disc or disc-like element 45 is mounted upon thetops of the posts by screws 46-46, two to each post, projected frombelow upwardly through the trackway I4 and through the posts 44 andthreaded into the disc 45.

The disc 45 has an annular peripheral rim 41, radially inwardly fittingwith a sliding fit, an annular or cylindrical shoulder 48 on the head22: and the rim has a planar horizontal annular face 49 coinciding witha like face 50 on the head 22.

Coaxial with the cylindrical shoulder 48 is a vertical pivot pin 5|,having a cylindrical body 52, in bores 53 and 54 inthe head 22 and disc45 respectively. A head 55 on the pin 5| engages at its underside aplanar surface 56 on the upper side of the head 22.

Below the disc 45 the pivot pin 5| is threaded as at 51; and passesthrough a threaded nut 58, lying between the trackway posts 43-44.

As will be apparent the disc 45 and the trackway I4 fastened to it willrest by gravity on the nut 58 and be supported on the head -22 by thepin head 55. Upon turning the nut 58, in one direction (assuming thatthe pin 5I is held against rotation) the disc 45 and head 22 will bedrawn together between the nut 58 and pin head 55, the faces 49 and 50of the disc 45 and head 22 being thereby clamped and locked upon eachother with great friction.

Upon rotating the nut 58 in the reverse direction the locking engagementwill be relieved and the disc 45 and trackway I4 fastened to it may berotated about the vertical axis of the cylindrical surface 48 on thehead.

The rim 41 of the disc 45 may nt with the cylindrical shoulder surface48 of the head and clearance may be provided at the pin 5| and its bore53 so that the rotary pivot bearing will be between the disc and thehead as referred to (Fig. 2); but if preferred, the body 52 of the pin5I may flt its bore 53 and clearance may be provided at the head surface48 (Fig. '1) so that upon rotating the trackway, its pivot bearing willbe on the pin 5I. In either case, a clearance may be provided at bore54.

The handle I5 for turning the nut 58 is mounted on the outer end of arod-like stem 59 which extends inwardly between the posts 43--44 and isscrewed into the side of the nut.

Provision is made to keep the pivot pin 5I from turning and to adjustthe nut 56 so that the handle I5 will always be able to draw the nuttight in the limited angle of movement of the stem 59 between the posts43-44. The pin 5I extends downwardly below the nut 58 through a bore 60in a transverse wall 6I of the trackway; and its lower end portion hasflats 62--62 on its opposite sides (see also Fig. 6). A screw driverslot 63 is provided in its lower end. A washer 64 having a central hole65 conforming peripherally to the shape of the said lower end portion ofthe pin, is telescoped thereover; and is secured to the underside of thetransverse wall 6| by screws 66--66 projected upwardly throughconcentric arcuate slots 61-61 in the washer, and screwed into thetransverse wall 6I.

Normally the aforesaid flats 62-62 of the pin 5| interlock with theperiphery 65 of the hole in the washer 84` and prevent the pivot pinfrom rotating.

To adjust the nut 58 along the threads of the pivot pin for thedescribed purposes, the screws 66-66 are loosened, the pivot pin andwasher 64 are rotated in unison by a screw-driver in the slot 63 ltopropel the nut 58 upwardly or downwardly, and the screws 66 againtightened in the new rotated position of the washer 64.

As to the trackway parts shown in Fig. 2, the said vpairs `of rails orraceways I6|6 on the trackway I4 have confronting them, pairs of shortraceways 68-68 on the carriage I9, and the said balls I'I-I'I areengaged between the long and short raceways at each side of thetrackway, and the carriage I9 thus hangs upon and is supported by theball bearings thus provided. A more complete description of a ballbearing trackway of this construction may be found in the saidco-pending application.

The rotated positions of the trackway are in dicated by a scale Gt'mounted by screws 'I0 on the periphery 0f the disc t5; and by a pointer'Il mounted on the head 22 cooperating therewith, see Fig. 4.

A scale 'l2 (Figs. l and 2) mounted by screws I3 on one side of the armI3 and a scale pointer 'I4 therefor mounted on the head 22 indicate theposition of the saw 21 relative to one of the fen-ces.

say the fence H; and a similar scale 'I5 secured to the other Side ofthe arm I3 by screws T3, and a scale pointer Il on the head 22, indicatethe position of the saw relative to the other fence I2.

Coming now to the construction of the trunnion bearing 28, as best shownin Fig. 3. The motor housing 26 has posts IB-18 formed thereon, and ametal plate 'I9 is mounted thereon by screws Sli- 80.

An inner bearing member 8|, generally in the form of a thick disc, liesupon the plate 19, and has at its inner side a centering boss 82,projecting into a bore 83 in the plate 19, and is secured to the plateby a plurality of screws 84 one of which is shown. At its outer side, ithas a cylindrical bearing trunnion 85 projecting into a trunnion bearingbore 96 in the lower end of the hanger 24, and surrounded by a planarannular face 81 iittingly engaging the inner side of the hanger 24.

A horizontal locking pin 88 is threaded into the bearing member 8|coaxial therewith, and extends outwardly therefrom; and telescoped overit is an outer bearing member 89 having a central bore 90 to receive thep-in.

The bearing member 89 has a cylindrical bearing trunnion 9| projectinginto the hanger bore 86 from its outer side, and surrounded by anannular face 92 ttingly engaging the outer side of the hanger 24.

The axially outer part of the bearing member 89 is turned down as at 93to receive telescoped thereover, the aforesaid handle 3| secured theretoby a set screw 94.

The said locking pin 88 has a shoulder 95 engaging the outer end of thebearing member 89, and outwardly beyond the shoulder has a tapered head98 upon which is rigidlypmounted by means of a washer 97 and screw 98the said locking` handle 30 for turning the locking pin 88.

The two bearing members 8| .and89 are prevented from rotating, onerelative to the other, by a dowel pin |88 disposed in bores IDI- |02 inthe respective bearing members.

The handle 38 upon being rotated in one direction, screws the lockingpin 88 farther into the bearing member 8|. The head 96 on the pin reactson the bearing member 89 and the two bearing members are drawn towardeach other, rigidly clamping the hanger 24 between the faces S1 and 92on the respective bearing members, and preventing rotation of thetrunnion bearings and 9| from turning i-n the hanger bore 86. The motorhousing 26 being secured to the bearing member 8| is thus locked againstrotation on the hanger.

Upon turning the handle 3D i-n the other direction the clamping pressureis relieved; and the motor housing may be adjustably rotated t0 anotherposition, the two bearing trunnions 9| and 8K5 turning in unison in thehanger bore 86. This rotation or the motor to adjustably position it maybe done by means of the propelling handle 3|. The moto-r may then belocked in the new position by the handle 3G.

To indicate the angular rotated positions of the motor, a scale |03 (seeFigs. l and 5) is mounted on the outer surface of the hanger 24 and apointer |04 cooperating therewith is mounted on the bearing member 89.

' The construction of the other trunnion bearing 29 indicated in Fig. 1may be like the corresponding bearing of the aforesaid application.

I claim:

1. In a machine tool of the type comprising a main base, a work table onthe base, an arm supported by the base and overhanging .the worktable,and a horizontal trackway supported on the arm for rotation inhorizontal planes by a pivot bearing construction having a verticalbearing axis at an intermediate portion of the trackway; an improvedpivot bearing construction comprising a horizontal plate element securedto an upper portion of the trackway, and having a circular peripheralportion carrying an indicating scale and provided with a verticalcentral first bore, and having on its upper side an annular planarhorizontal rst face; horizontal 'guideways on opposite sides of the arm;a head bridging the guideways and shiftable therealong; the head havingo-n its underside an annular planar horizontal second face confrontingthe said iirst face, and having a coaxial vertical second bore therein;a pin having a vertical body telescoped through the first and secondbores; a flange on its upper portion supported by an upper portion ofthe head, and a nut threaded on its lower portion below the plateelement; a later-ally extending handle o-n the nut for turning it toclampingly draw the head and plate element together between the flangeand nut, to lockingly engage the rst and second faces, in diiierentrotated positions of the trackway and plate element; the pin projectingthrough and beyond a transverse portion of the trackway; a washersurrounding the lower portion of the pivot pin below the said transverseportion; the pin and washer having engagable surfaces preventingrotation of the pin in thev washer; the washer provided with an arcuateconcentricaperture therethrough; a screw projected through the apertureand threaded into the said transverse portion to clamp the washerthereto, in adjusted rotational positions of the pin and washer relativeto the said nut; and a scale pointer for the said scale, mounted on thehead adjacent to the scale on the plate element.

2. In a machine tool of the type comprising a main base, a work table onthe base, an arm supported by the base and overhanging the worktable,and a horizontal trackway supported on rthe arm for rotation inhorizontal planes by a pivot bearing construction having a verticalbearing axis at an intermediate portion of the trackway; an improvedbearing construction comprising a horizontal plate element secured to anupper portion of the trackway, and provided with a vertical centralfirst bore1 and having on its upper side an annular planar horizontalrst face; horizontal guideways on opposite sides of the arm; a headbridging the guideways and shiftable therealong; the head having on itsunderside an annular planar horizontal second face confronting the saidrst face, and having a coaxial vertical second bore therein; a pinhaving a vertical body telescoped through the rst and second bores; aflange on its upper portion supported by an upper portion of the head,and a nut threaded on its lower portion belenT the plate element; alaterally extending handle on the nut for turning it to clampingly drawthe head and plate element together between the flange and nut, tolockingly engage the rst and second faces, in different rotatedpositions of the trackway and plate element; the pin projecting throughand beyond a transverse portion of the trackway; a washer surroundingthe lower portion of the pivot pin belot.r the said transverse portion;the pin and washer having engaga-ble surfaces preventing rotation of thepin in the washer; the washer provided with an arcuate concentricaperture therethrough; a screw projected through the aperture andthreaded into the said transverse portion to clamp the washer thereto,in adjusted rotational positions of the pin and washer relative to thesaid nut.

3. In a machine tool of the type comprising a main base, a work table onthe base, an arm supported by the base and overhanging the worktable,and a horizontal trackway supported on the arm for rotation inhorizontal planes by a pivot bearing construction having a verticalbearing axis at an intermediate portion of the trackway; an improvedpivot bearing construction comprising a horizontal plate element securedto an upper portion of the trackway, and provided with a verticalcentral lower bore, and having on its upper side an annular planarhorizontal first face; horizontal guideways on opposite sides of thearm; a head bridging the guide- Ways and shiftable therealong; the headhaving on its underside an annular planar horizontal second faceconfronting the said first face, and having a coaxial vertical upperbore therein; a pin having a vertical body telescoped downwardly throughthe upper and lower bores; a flange on its upper portion transverselylarger than the upper bore, and thereby supported on the head, and a nutthreaded on its lower portion below the plate element largertransversely than the lower bore; a laterally extending handle on thenut for turning it in alternate directions, to clampingly draw the headand plate element together between the flange and nut, to lockinglyengage the first and second faces, when the nut is turned in onedirection, and to unlock them when turned in the other direction; thelower end portion of the pin projecting downwardly below the nut; andmeans, comprising a gripping element secured to the trackway, grippingthe pin lower end portion constraining the pin to rotate in unison withthe trackway, when the nut has been turned to unlock the saidengagement, and the gripping element being adjustable 8 on the trackwayto adjustably rotate the pin in the nut.

4. In a machine tool of the type comprising a base, a work table on thebase, a horizontal trackway supported above the work table, a carriagereciprocable on the trackway, a motor driven saw suspended between apair of hangers depending from the carriage, and rockable to differentangular positions on a trunnion bearing construction on the hangershaving a horizontal trunnion bearing axis; an improved trunnicn bearingconstruction comprising: a bore in one of the hangers; a first bearingelement secured to the side of the motor and having a trunnion bearingportion projecting into said hanger bore at the motor side thereof androtatable in the bore, and an outer portion engaging the motor side ofthe hanger; a second bearing element having a trunnion bearing portionprojecting into said hanger bore at said one opposite side of thehanger, and rotatable in said hanger bore and having an outer portionengaging said opposite side of said one hanger; a shaft extendingthrough the second bearing element and having a shoulder engaging anouter portion thereof, and threaded into the first bearing element, and,upon rotation thereof in one direction, drawing the two bearing elementstogether and lockingly clamping their outer portions upon opposite sidesof said one hanger; and means interconnecting the two bearing elementst0 constrain their trunnion bearing portions to rotate in unison in thehanger bore, when unlocked by rotation of the shaft in the otherdirection.

5. In a machine tool having a base, a work table, an arm supported bythe base and adapted to overlie the work table, and a trackway supportedby said arm and adapted to support a machine tool; means for supportingsaid trackway on said arm for pivotal movement about an axis normal tothe plane of the work table comprising, a head reciprocably mounted onsaid arm and having a central aperture and an annular cylindricalshoulder; a disc-like element immovably attached to said trackway andhaving a central aperture and an annular shoulder; and means suspendingsaid element from said head with said shoulders in surrounding relationand extending through head aperture into the central aperture of saiddisc-like element, said suspending means together with said headaperture and said shoulders respectively cooperating to form a firstpair and a second pair of surrounding cylindrical surfaces one only ofsaid respective pairs of cylindrical surfaces having journalled bearingengagement.

6. The machine tool according to claim 5 wherein said suspending meansincludes a pin, a portion of the shank of which cooperates with hesurface of said central aperture in said head to provide said journalledbearing engagement with said aperture in said head and wherein aclearance is provided between said shoulders.

7. The machine tool according to claim 5 wherein said suspending meansincludes a. pin projecting loosely through said aperture in said headand said shoulders have a. close rotating t for journalled bearingengagement.

8. In a machine tool having a base, a work table, an arm supported bythe base and adapted to overlie the work table, and a trackway supportedby said arm and adapted to'support a machine tool: means for supportingsaid trackway on said arm for pivotal movement about an axis normal tosaid table comprising, a head reciprocably mounted on said arm andhaving inner and outei` radially spaced, axially extending surfaces; adisc-like element immovably attached to said trackWay and provided withan outer axially extending surface, means associated with said disclikeelement providing an axially extending cylindrical surface forming withsaid inner surface of said head a pair of inner surfaces and retainingsaid respective inner and outer surfaces in surrounding relation toprovide respective sets of surrounding surfaces, one set only of whichhas mating journalled association for maintaining journalledrelationship in all operative assembled angular positions of said headand said disc-like element.

9. The machine according to claim 8 in which said one of said sets ofsurfaces is the outer set.

10. The machine according to claim 8 in which said one of said sets ofsurfaces is the inner set.

11. In a machine tool having a base, a Work table, an arm supported bythe base and adapted to overlie the Work table, a trackway supported bysaid arm and adapted to support a machine tool: means for supportingsaid trackway on said arm for pivotal movement comprising a headreciprocably mounted on said arm and having a shoulder defining acylindrical outer surface and having an aperture defining a cylindricalinner surface; a disc-like element immovably attached to the trackwayand having a cylindrical surface forming with said outer surface a iirstpair of surrounding surfaces; and means suspending said disc-likeelement from the head and having a cylindrical surface forming with saidinner surface of said head a second pair of surrounding surfaces, oneonly of said pairs of surrounding surfaces having journalling engagementand the other of said pairs of surrounding surfaces having a sufficientclearance to assure a non-journalling relationship in all angularpositions of said trackway.

J. EVERETTE TOMPKINS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 732,758 Long July 7, 19031,733,532 Elliot Oct. 29, 1929 1,846,641 Hedgpeth Feb. 23, 19321,867,275 McCarter July 12, 1932 2,291,999 Wilson et al. Aug. 4, 19422,297,882 Gardner et al. Oct. 6, 1942 2,312,356 Ocenasek Mar. 2, 19432,356,610 Penney Aug. 22, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date556,116 France Apr. 7, 1923

